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GS Halligan dental, the specialist crown and bridge cosmetic restoration Laboratory.
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Content:<br>
The laboratory was started by Geoff Halligan in 1980 and has steadily expanded and gained in reputation to become a highly respected crown and bridge laboratory. We are proud of the fact that several members of staff have been here for over 20 years and that we have built a strong team to provide excellent crown and bridge restorations.
The laboratory is based in the leafy suburb of Harborne approxiametely 5 miles from the city centre of Birmigham. We have large premises which houses our crown and bridge department and also a training room and fully equipped surgery so that patients can visit in comfortable surroundings.
We have a wide client base and can provide daily collection and deliveries as for afield as Shrewsbury, Kenilworth and Redditch as well as a postal service.
We are also delighted that such a large number of our clients have been loyal to us for many years and have now become friends. This aspect of laboratory/client relationship is very important to us. We believe that close contact with our clients is the only way to build a firm platform from which to work and we rely on good communication to make that possible.
It is our wish to continue striving for excellence within the laboratory
and embracing new and exciting technology as it happens.<br>
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Porcelain bonded crowns are available in precious or
non-precious alloy. We will always construct metal work
in non-precious alloy unless precious metal is
specifically requested.
NHS porcelain work
incorporates standard build
up techniques that use body
and tip shades.
Full metal crowns in 33% alloy.
This metal is slightly yellow in
colour and complies with NHS
restrictions on the type of
metal used.<br>
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Porcelain bonded crowns are available in precious or
non-precious alloy. We will automatically use
non-precious metal unless precious alloy is
specifically requested.
Independent porcelain work is given to our better qualified technicians.
The build up is more sophisticated and in addition to standard body and tip
shades we also include internal stains to provide a more
realistic crown.
Full metal crowns are constructed in 60% yellow gold unless white gold is requested. <br>
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Porcelain bonded crowns are available in a variety of
private alloys such as Captek and Golden Gate. We also provide a full range of all ceramic restorations including Procera, In-Ceram and Matchpress.
Private porcelain work is produced by our master technicians using high quality porcelains. A full spectrum of build up and effects are used to produce a vital and highly natural looking crown.
Full metal crowns are made in 60% or 18ct gold. <br>
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In response to requests for premium crown and bridgework we are delighted to offer an addition to our current service which caters for patients who require a high level of personal attention.
Our purpose built surgery provides the patient with a high degree of comfort in relaxed surroundings.
We can offer you and your patient a committed one to one approach with full patient constultation, photographs and state of the art shade taking.
If you would like to find out more about this service, please contact us to discuss your
requirements and to receive an individual case quotation.<br>
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Procera AllCeram is a 99.5% pure aluminium oxide
which provides excellent strength, is biocompatible
and has been successfully used worldwide for over
fifteen years producing more than four million crowns.
Procera crowns produce excellent aesthetic results and use the same clinical preparation and cementing techniques as bonded crowns.
Procera AllCeram is translucent which gives the tooth a very natural appearance but can also conceal underlying surfaces such as amalgam, root fillings, gold posts, and implant aburments.
For implant cases Procera Abutment is an excellent choice for personalized CADDesign abutments. The abutment can be designed to take into account angeles, taper, finish line, height, width and cross sectional form to create the natural form and emergence profile of the tooth.
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Vita In-Ceram is an alumina core system which produces a crown with approximately 3 times the flexural strength of its nearest competitor. Due to the glassy nature of the material crowns more closely resemble natural teeth and excellent aesthetics can be archieved.
The porcelain is made stronger by the use of pure alumina and infiltrating if with coloured glass. A discoloured tooth or gold post will not affect the shade and the use of Vita Alpha porcelain creates a natural looking restoration.
There are important criteria to note with preparation as there should be a heavy chamfer of shoulder preparation of 1.0mm labially 0.5-0.7mm in other areas. Preps should be slightly tapered and not undercut. With the preparation of bridges particular attention needs to be paid to a non-undercut preparation and parallel paths of insertion. Occlusal clearance should be 1.5mm and bevels are not recommended.
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Using capillary technology Captek from Schottlander is used to produce precision fitting copings of excellent strength and aesthetic beauty. The composition of Captek is 88% pure gold, 9% platinum and group metals
which combine to produce a coping of superior quality with a high level of
bio-compatability.
The 22ct gold in Captek allows the porcelain to totally natural look without the greying or discolouration found with some other alloys. As the gold reflects through the porcelain the crowns take on a soft, warm natural look giving an excellent aesthetic result.
The exceptional result of a Captek crown are unparalleled. Patients love to see the shining quality of 22ct gold and being porcelain fused to gold gives the choice of shoulder, chamfer of knife edge preparation.
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The Golden-Gate System combines Degunorm alloy, a 73% gold with Duceragold a low fusing porcelain. Ideal for single crowns or bridges this is a traditional metal casting technique. However, with the added bonus of high yellow gold content which shines through the porcelain you get warm, natural aesthetics.
Using Duceragold low fusing porcelain gives us the opportunity to get as close to tooth enamel as we can. The surface is smooth and gives the patients reduced plaque accumulation and almost natural abrasion behaviour.
All of this results in an excellent crown or bridge restoration which not only looks superb but has the strength and vitality to please your patient.
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AGC Electroforming is an incredibly accurate technique which produces a coping with perfect marginal seating. This technique differs to conventional casting as the pure bio-compatible gold is electroformed directly on top of the plaster die.
This is followed by skilled porcelain build up on top to produce a beautiful restoration where the warmth of the pure gold coping allows natural aesthetics to shine through.
The use of AGC Electroforming within the field of telescopics are hugely important. It is now possible to produce extremely accurate secondary parts for telescopic crowns. This is achieved by deposting gold directly on top of the primary coping creating an identical reproduction of the surface. A circumferential gap to 3 to 5 m appears after the conductive silver lacquer has been removed.
This system will prove invaluable for all kinds of work and implant work can also benefit from the technology available.
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Sinfony Composite from 3M Espe has given us the opportunity to provide first class composite restorations which fulfil the clinical and aestetic needs of the patient.
The composite offers accurate shade reproduction, natural opalescence and fluorescent enamels.
Due to the flexibility and impact strength there are a wide range of indications for restorations including crown and bridgework, adhesive bridge work, telescopic crowns and work with attachments and implants.
A Sinfony crown is built up layer by layer from the composite dispenser and as the material is thixotropic it flows onto the surface without entrapping bubbles.
The use of the excellent Rocatec blasting system ensures optimum bonding of the restorations.
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IPS Empress Pressed Ceramic System from Ivoclar Vivadent offers a vast array of restorative possibilities ans has been clinically proven for more than 15 years.
IPS Empress uses as pressed ceramic technique to produce inlays, onlays, veneers and crowns which are metal free, bio-compatible and give outstanding aesthetic results to satisfy patients.
In addition to the basic shades on the Chromascope shade guide, there are also 4 ultra light shades for patients who have bleached their teeth.
Careful preparation is crucial to ensure the accuracy of fit and durability of an IPS Empress restoration. It is therefore worth abtaining a preparation guide which will give you all the information you will need for the preperation and cementation technique.
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Matchpress from Schottlander is the best pressable ceramic system we have used. The reduction of metal in the mouth has become of increased importance to patients and we aim to provide as many alternatives as possible.
The system comes in range of 31 shades, including 16 dentine shades of A1 to D4. There are an additional 4 Hollywood shades for cases where bleaching has been carried out and eleven shades for inlays, onlays and veneers.
Matchpress pressable ceramic is strong and constructed by heating the ingot to 950 C in a special furnace. Over a period of 20 minutes it is slowly pressed into the shape of the restoration giving strength and precision fit.
As there is no metal involved the crown gives improved bio-compatability, improved aesthetics and fluoresces naturally.
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The X-Rite Shade Vision system has proved a huge asset for the taking of shades in the laboratory or surgery. Patients are welcome at the Laboratory to have shades taken and be assessed by our technicians prior to having their crowns made.
Highly accurate tooth matches and precision detailed colour images are produced to assist the technician in the porcelain build up.
Colour grid and mapping
For additional accuracy the high technology software breaks down the shade into hue, value and chroma analysis.
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The planning of an implant case is of prime importance and in this section we have tried to break it down into smaller parts. The information here is designed to give a brief indication of the necessary planning and further advice should be sought for actual cases.
As every patient has individual expectations and needs the first element is patient evaluation. The benefits and risks of implants should be fully explained to the patient along with the procedures involved. Should the patient prove suitable after the necessary dental/medical history is taken and all contraindications investigated then impressions can be taken for pre-operative diagnostics and treatment planning.
The cast study models will be articulated and a diagnostic wax-up produced. This gives a good indication of where the implants could be placed and offers the opportunity for the patient to see how their case is being planned.
A treatment plan costing can also be produced at this time which shows the laboratory costing for the proposed implant work.
This will include all pre-operative diagnostics, temporary denture/bridge- work, the chosen restoration and all laboratory implant components. It is a comprehensive and itemised plan which can be used to assist with the costing for your patient.
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The next stage is the fabrication of a clear acrylic template which has 5mm ball bearings attached in the approximate area of the proposed placement. This is a radiographic stent and is used for the determination of the available bone height. The use of 5mm ball bearings allows for the calibration of the radiograph.
When the area of implant placement has been determined, a surgical drill guide is made. This clear acrylic stent is perforated on the implant site and is used to precisely mark the area in the oral cavity for the placement. There is more than one type of drill guide and the photo- graphs below show the standard and 3D type.
It has been well documented that meticulous planning and patient evaluation can dramatically reduce errors and difficulties in the placement of the implant and subsequent restoration.
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The single tooth restoration is probably the most popular and achieves excellent results. A single implant crown can be either cemented or screw retained and a choice of abutments can help solve space and angulation issues.
After the placement and healing time has elapsed, an impression using a material capable of picking up the transfer coping is sent to the laboratory. The correct positioning cylinder must be used in the impression to show the lab the correct choice of analog.
Once in the lab a gingival soft tissue model is made to ensure that the crown is contoured correctly and the impression is cast.
The construction of the substructure is meticulous, and involves waxing up the coping using case specific components to ensure the precision fit.
It is possible to use various types of restoration and we have had excellent results using techniques shown in the products section.
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An implant retained bridge is available as cemented or screw retained. For screw retained bridges a custom made special tray with perforations for screws and adequate room for the transfer copings is made. It is important that the impression material used should be capable of picking up the transfer copings.
When the gingival soft tissue mask and the impression are cast, a planning kit is used to select the most suitable abutments at the laboratory. There are several abutment choices available for highly technical and difficult cases.
The metal framework is then constructed in your choice of metal alloy to exacting standards in the same way as a conventional wax-up.
The porcelain work is completed using the diagnostic wax-up made at the beginning of the case treatment as a guide.
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To construct an implant borne denture using retentive anchors requires meticulous planning and care to ensure a successful restoration.
A denture try-in is produced to ensure the perfect design of the base, bite and aesthetics. Time spent at this stage can dramatically reduce subsequent difficulties and errors. The try-in is used to plan the position of the implants, ensuring the height and width of the denture can accommodate the size of the female part of the attachment.
A custom made special tray is made to take the definitive impression with the abutments in place.
A chrome cobalt will be constructed to provide the metal reinforcement, leaving space for the matrices. The denture try-in can then be transferred to the chrome using the detailed information collated at the planning stage. This should be tried in once again without the matrices in place and careful attention paid to the bite and base fit.
Once this stage is complete, the denture will be finished and returned for the patient to wear for a few weeks. This is to assess the fit and comfort of the denture before in volving the fitting of the attachments. In our experience it has been found highly beneficial to let the denture bed in before fitting the matrices. This way we can check that retention is aided with the attachment, rather than supported entirely by the implants and attachments.
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There are two types of bar available for bar-borne restorations. The first is Dolder Bar which has an egg shaped profile and the second is a Round Bar.
The planning and pre-operative work is once again all important. A common problem occurs when we are sent impressions with the implants in place but without any knowledge of the position or shape of the teeth. A golden rule is that the bar should be made to the parameters of the denture and not the other way round. Therefore all aspects of the bite, design and aesthetics should be thoroughly worked out before placing the implants.
A try-in is produced for this reason, it not only assists with the planning of placement for the implants, but it can make sure that the height and width of the denture can accommodate the bar structure.
Even if the ridge varies in height when the bar is constructed it must be kept horizontal. Allowing the bar to slope creates problems with the horizontal forces and would impede the function of the bar attachment. The bar is cut to the correct measurement and carefully soldered to the gold copings. Small extensions can be placed distally to the abutments but this is not suitable for all cases.
The bar will be returned to the surgery for a try-in before transferring the wax-up. The bar matrix or riders will be placed to allow for the absorption of the horizontal forces. Care must be taken that the positioning is right to ensure correct function.
After a successful try-in the denture can be finished and the matrix processed into the denture.
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Responsible for enterprise and contents:
G.S. HALLIGAN (DENTAL LABORATORY) LTD.
175 Knightlow Road
Harborne
Birmingham
B17 8PY
England
Concept, programming and design:
Xion-Webdesign
Andreas Brendle
Glonntalstr. 13
85253 Erdweg
www.xion-webdesign.de
E-Mail: info@xion-webdesign.de
Disclaimer:
The G.S. Halligan Website contains current and relevant information. We make no guarantee that the contents are complete, correct or topical. This also applies to the contents of external Websites, which are linked with this page.
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